NARRATIVE
Purpose: To amuse/entertain the
readers and to tell a story
Generic
Structure:
1.
Orientation
2.
Complication
3.
Resolution
4.
Reorientation
Dominant
Language Features:
1.
Using Past Tense
2.
Using action verb
3.
Chronologically arranged
RECOUNT
Purpose: to retell something that
happened in the past and to tell a series of past event
Generic
Structure:
1.
Orientation
2.
Event(s)
3.
Reorientation
Dominant
Language Features:
1.
Using Past Tense
2.
Using action verb
3.
Using adjectives
Narrative and recount in some ways are
similar. The ways narrative and recount told are in chronological order using
time or place. Commonly narrative text is found in story book; myth, fable,
folklore, etc while recount text is found in biography.
The thing that makes narrative and
recount different is the structure in which they are constructed. Narrative
uses conflicts among the participants whether natural conflict, social conflict
or psychological conflict. In some ways narrative text combines all these
conflicts. In the contrary, we do not find these conflicts inside recount text.
Recount applies series of event as the basic structure.
DESCRIPTIVE
Purpose: to describe a particular
person, place or thing in detail.
Dominant
Generic Structure:
1.
Identification
2.
Description
Language
Features:
1.
Using Simple Present Tense
2.
Using action verb
3.
Using adverb
4.
Using special technical terms
REPORT
Purpose: to presents information about
something, as it is.
Generic Structure
1. General classification
2. Description
Dominant
Language Feature
1. Introducing group or
general aspect
2. Using conditional
logical connection
3. Using Simple Present
Tense
EXPLANATION
Purpose: To explain the processes
involved in the formation or working of natural or socio-cultural phenomena.
Generic
Structure:
1.
General statement
2.
Explanation
3.
Closing
Dominant
Language Features:
1.
Using Simple Present Tense
2.
Using action verbs
3.
Using passive voice
4.
Using noun phrase
5.
Using adverbial phrase
6.
Using technical terms
7.
Using general and abstract noun
8.
Using conjunction of time and cause-effect.
ANALYTICAL
EXPOSITION
Purpose: To reveal the readers that
something is the important case
Generic
Structure:
1.
Thesis
2.
Arguments
3.
Reiteration/Conclusion
Dominant
Language Features:
1.
Using modals
2.
Using action verbs
3.
Using thinking verbs
4.
Using adverbs
5.
Using adjective
6.
Using technical terms
7.
Using general and abstract noun
8.
Using connectives/transition
HORTATORY
EXPOSITION
Purpose: to persuade the readers that
something should or should not be the case or be done
Generic
Structure:
1.
Thesis
2.
Arguments
3.
Recommendation
Dominant
Language features:
1.
Using Simple Present Tense
2.
Using modals
3.
Using action verbs
4.
Using thinking verbs
5.
Using adverbs
6.
Using adjective
7.
Using technical terms
8.
Using general and abstract noun
9.
Using connectives/transition
Then what is the basic difference
between analytical and hortatory exposition? Analytical is the answer of “How
is/will” while hortatory is the answer of “How should”. Analytical exposition
will be best to describe “How will student do for his examination? The point is
the important thing to do. But for the question” How should student do for his
exam?” will be good to be answered with hortatory. It is to convince that the
thing should be done
PROCEDURE
Purpose: to help readers how to do or
make something completely
Generic
Structure:
1.
Goal/Aim
2.
Materials/Equipments
3.
Steps/Methods
Dominant
Language Features:
1.
Using Simple Present Tense
2.
Using Imperatives sentence
3.
Using adverb
4.
Using technical terms
DISCUSSION
Purpose: to present information and
opinions about issues in more one side of an issue (‘For/Pros’ and
‘Against/Cons’)
Generic
Structure:
1.
Issue
2.
Arguments for and against
3.
Conclusion
Dominant
Language Features:
1.
Using Simple Present Tense
2.
Use of relating verb/to be
3.
Using thinking verb
4.
Using general and abstract noun
5.
Using conjunction/transition
6.
Using modality
7.
Using adverb of manner
REVIEW
Purpose: to critique or evaluate an
art work or event for a public audience
dominant Generic Structure:
1.
Orientation
2.
Evaluation
3.
Interpretative Recount
4.
Evaluation
5.
Evaluative Summation
Dominant
Language features:
1.
Focus on specific participants
2.
Using adjectives
3.
Using long and complex clauses
4.
Using metaphor
ANECDOTE
Purpose: to share with others an
account of an unusual or amusing incident
Generic Structure:
1.
Abstract
2.
Orientation
3.
Crisis
4.
Reaction
5.
Coda.
Dominant
Language Features:
1.
Using exclamations, rhetorical question or intensifiers
2.
Using material process
3.
Using temporal conjunctions
SPOOF
Purpose: to tell an event with a
humorous twist and entertain the readers
Generic
Structure:
1.
Orientation
2.
Event(s)
3.
Twist
Dominant
Language Features:
1.
Using Past Tense
2.
Using action verb
3.
Using adverb
4.
Chronologically arranged
NEWS
ITEM
Purpose: to inform readers about
events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important
Dominant
Generic Structure:
1.
Newsworthy event(s)
2.
Background event(s)
3.
Sources
Dominant
Language Features:
1.
Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline
2.
Using action verbs
3.
Using saying verbs
4.
Using adverbs : time, place and manner.
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar